As discussed in Lesson 1, when more than two sites are linked for replication and use the same transport, by default, all of the site links are “bridged” in terms of cost, assuming the site links have common sites. If site link transitivity is enabled, which it is by default, creating a site link bridge has no effect. It is seldom necessary to create site link bridges. However, if site link transitivity has been disabled, you need to create a site link bridge manually if a transitive link is required to handle your organization’s replication strategy.
Active Directory allows users and administrators to find objects such as files, printers, or users in their own . However, finding objects outside of the domain and across the enterprise requires a mechanism that allows the domains to act as one entity. A catalog service contains selected information about every object in all domains in the directory, which is useful in performing searches across an enterprise. The global catalog is the catalog service provided by Active Directory.
The global catalog is the central repository of information about objects in a tree or forest. By default, a global catalog is created automatically on the initial domain controller in the first domain in the forest. A domain controller that holds a copy of the global catalog is called a global catalog sewer. You can designate any domain controller in the forest as a global catalog server. Active Directory uses multimaster replication to replicate the global catalog information between global catalog servers in other domains. It stores a full replica of all object attributes in the directory for its host domain and a partial replica of all object attributes contained in the directory for every domain in the forest. The partial replica stores attributes most frequently used in search operations (such as a user’s first and last names, logon name, and so on). Attributes are marked or unmarked for replication in the global catalog when they are defined in the Active Directory . Object attributes replicated to the global catalog inherit the same permissions as in source domains, ensuring that data in the global catalog is secure.
When a user logs on to the network, the global catalog provides universal group membership information for the account to the domain controller processing the user logon information. If there is only one domain controller in a domain, the domain controller holds the global catalog server. If there are multiple domain controllers in the network, one domain controller is configured to hold the global catalog. If a global catalog is not available when a user initiates a network logon process, the user is able to log on only to the local computer unless the site has been specifically configured to cache universal group membership lookups when processing user logon attempts.
FTP site authentication is restricted to anonymous and/or basic authentication or FTP user isolation. Anonymous access uses computername account by default but can be configured to use any Windows account. Anonymous access is similar to anonymous access for IIS. Users don’t need to know the account and password. When basic authentication is used, user credentials are passed across the network in the clear, so it might be beneficial to use IPSec policies to protect these credentials or require VPN access.
A new authentication possibility in IIS 6.0 is the ability to use FTP user isolation. FTP user isolation is a methodology where a specific folder is assigned as the FTP site location and is accessible only by using a specific user account and password. In this scenario, the FTP user isolation mode—either Isolate Users or Isolate Users Using Active Directory—is chosen when the site is created. Figure 13-15 shows the FTP User Isola?tion page of the FTP Site Creation Wizard.
To configure Web servers to isolate Web sites and applications:
1.List the Web sites and applications hosted on the server.
2.Group Web sites by organization or business unit within the organization.
Divide groups from step 2 into subgroups that require similar rights and permissions.
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